A clear list of over 200 Excel shortcuts for both Windows and Mac, side-by-side. Windows shortcuts in dark gray on the left, Mac shortcuts in white on the right. Get help on selected control. Open options. Delete to end of line. Please remove your email address from your post, unless you really like getting spamed. There are little bots that troll the web looking in open forums for emails address's Use the edit button in the upper right corner.
Carriage return means to return to the beginning of the current line without advancing downward. The name comes from a printer's carriage, as monitors were rare when the name was coined.
This is commonly escaped as ' r', abbreviated CR, and has ASCII value 13 or 0x0D. Linefeed means to advance downward to the next line; however, it has been repurposed and renamed. Used as 'newline', it terminates lines (commonly confused with separating lines). This is commonly escaped as ' n', abbreviated LF or NL, and has ASCII value 10 or 0x0A.
CRLF (but not CRNL) is used for the pair ' r n'. Form feed means advance downward to the next 'page'. It was commonly used as page separators, but now is also used as section separators. (It's uncommonly used in source code to divide logically independent functions or groups of functions.) Text editors can use this character when you 'insert a page break'. This is commonly escaped as ' f', abbreviated FF, and has ASCII value 12 or 0x0C. As control characters, they may be interpreted in various ways.
The most common difference (and probably the only one worth worrying about) is lines end with CRLF on Windows, NL on Unix-likes, and CR on older Macs (the situation has changed with OS X to be like Unix). Note the shift in meaning from LF to NL, for the exact same character, gives the differences between Windows and Unix. (Windows is, of course, newer than Unix, so it didn't adopt this semantic shift. I don't know the history of Macs using CR.) Many text editors can read files in any of these three formats and convert between them, but not all utilities can.
Form feed is a bit more interesting (even though less commonly used directly), and with the usual definition of page separator, it can only come between lines (e.g. After the newline sequence of NL, CRLF, or CR) or at the start or end of the file. R is carriage return and moves the cursor back like if i will do- printf('stackoverflow rnine') ninekoverflow means it has shifted the cursor to the beginning of 'stackoverflow' and overwrites the starting four characters since 'nine' is four character long. N is new line character which changes the line and takes the cursor to the beginning of a new line like- printf('stackoverflow nnine') stackoverflow nine f is form feed, its use has become obsolete but it is used for giving indentation like printf('stackoverflow fnine') stackoverflow nine if i will write like- printf('stackoverflow fnine fgreat') stackoverflow nine great. Apart from above information, there is still an interesting history of LF ( n) and CR ( r). Original author: 阮一峰 Source: Before computer came out, there was a type of teleprinter called Teletype Model 33.
It can print 10 characters each second. But there is one problem with this, after finishing printing each line, it will take 0.2 second to move to next line, which is time of printing 2 characters. If a new characters is transferred during this 0.2 second, then this new character will be lost.
So scientists found a way to solve this problem, they add two ending characters after each line, one is 'Carriage return', which is to tell the printer to bring the print head to the left.; the other one is 'Line feed', it tells the printer to move the paper up 1 line. Later, computer became popular, these two concepts are used on computers. At that time, the storage device was very expensive, so some scientists said that it was expensive to add two characters at the end of each line, one is enough, so there are some arguments about which one to use. In UNIX/Mac and Linux, ' n' is put at the end of each line, in Windows, ' r n' is put at the end of each line. The consequence of this use is that files in UNIX/Mac will be displayed in one line if opened in Windows.
While file in Windows will have one ^M at the end of each line if opened in UNIX or Mac. Consider an IBM 1403 impact printer. CR moved the print head to the start of the line, but did NOT advance the paper. This allowed for 'overprinting', placing multiple lines of output on one line. Things like underlining were achieved this way, as was BOLD print.
LF advanced the paper one line. If there was no CR, the next line would print as a staggered-step because LF didn't move the print head. FF advanced the paper to the next page.
It typically also moved the print head to the start of the first line on the new page, but you might need CR for that. To be sure, most programmers coded CRFF instead of CRLF at the end of the last line on a page because an extra CR created by FF wouldn't matter. As a supplement, 1, Carriage return: It's a printer terminology meaning changing the print location to the beginning of current line. In computer world, it means return to the beginning of current line in most cases but stands for new line rarely. 2, Line feed: It's a printer terminology meaning advancing the paper one line.
So Carriage return and Line feed are used together to start to print at the beginning of a new line. In computer world, it generally has the same meaning as newline. 3, Form feed: It's a printer terminology, I like the explanation in. If you were programming for a 1980s-style printer, it would eject the paper and start a new page. You are virtually certain to never need it. It's almost obsolete and you can refer to for detailed explanation.
Note, we can use CR or LF or CRLF to stand for newline in some platforms but newline can't be stood by them in some other platforms. Refer to for details.
Carriage return and line feed are also references to typewriters, in that the with a small push on the handle on the left side of the carriage (the place where the paper goes), the paper would rotate a small amount around the cylinder, advancing the document one line. If you had finished typing one line, and wanted to continue on to the next, you pushed harder, both advancing a line and sliding the carriage all the way to the right, then resuming typing left to right again as the carriage traveled with each keystroke. Needless to say, word-wrap was the default setting for all word processing of the era.
This Tutorial Covers:. Inserting Degree Symbol in Excel In this tutorial, I will show you these easy ways to do it (including a keyboard shortcut). The method you choose would depend on how you are using the degree symbol in your work. Let’s get started!
Using a Keyboard Shortcut Below are the steps to type the degree symbol in Excel using a keyboard shortcut:. Select the cell in which you want to insert the degree symbol.
Press F2 to get into the edit mode. Use the keyboard shortcut – ALT + 0176 (you need to hold the ALT key and then press 0176 from the numeric keypad of your keyboard). Note: This keyboard shortcut works only if you have a 10 keys numeric keypad in your keyboard. If you don’t have a numeric keypad, you need to enable the Num lock first and then use this keyboard shortcut. Shortcut for MAC: Option+Shift+8 Once you have typed the degree symbol, you don’t even need to use the keyboard shortcut again and again. You can simply copy the already inserted degree symbol and paste it.
Copy Paste the Degree Symbol You can copy and paste the degree symbol in Excel. To do this, you first need to copy it from a degree symbol already available in Excel, or you can copy it from any web page from the internet. Below is the degree symbol from which you can copy: ° Using the CHAR Formula You can use the =CHAR(176) to get the degree symbol in a cell in Excel. To do this, enter =CHAR(176) in a cell and press enter and it will return the degree symbol as the result. You can also use this formula with other text strings or formulas to add the degree symbol to it. For example, if you want to have 48° in a cell, you can enter the below formula =48&CHAR(176) Similarly, you can combine it with a cell reference. For example, if cell A1 has the value 48, then you can use the formula =A1&CHAR(176), and it will give you 48° as the result.
Using the Insert Symbol Dialog Box There is a ‘Symbol’ dialog box in Excel that allows you to insert symbols such as degree, cent, delta, etc. Here are the steps to insert the degree symbol using the Insert Symbol dialog box:. Click on the Insert Tab in the ribbon.
In the Symbols group, click on the Symbols icon. In the Symbols dialog box that opens, select the font in which you’re already working. Scroll down, find and select the degree symbol (you may have to spend some time looking for the degree symbol). Click on Insert. This will insert the degree symbol in the cell in Excel. Now you can use this symbol as any other character in excel. You can copy it, refer to it, use it in formulas, etc.
Using Autocorrect in Excel This one is my favorite. It enables you to assign a code to the degree symbol (such as DEGSYM). Now whenever you enter this text DEGSYM in a cell in excel, it will automatically convert it into the degree symbol. Note: I have chosen DEGSYM, but you can use anything else if you wish.
Here are the steps to use Autocorrect to get degree symbol in Excel:. Click on the File tab. Click on Options. In the Options dialog box, select Proofing. Click on the ‘AutoCorrect Options’ button. In the Autocorrect dialog box, enter the following:.
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Replace: DEGSYM. With: º (you can get the degree symbol by using the shortcut ALT 0176, or copy paste it from a cell). Click Add and then OK. Now, whenever you type the text DEGSYM, it will automatically get converted into the degree symbol. Here are a few things you need to know when using the Autocorrect method:. This is case sensitive. So if you enter ‘degsym’, it will not get converted into the degree symbol.
You need to enter DEGSYM. If there is any text/number before DEGSYM, it will not be converted to the degree symbol. For example, 48DEGSYM will not get converted, however, 48 DEGSYM will get converted to 48 °. This change also gets applied to all the other Microsoft applications (MS Word, PowerPoint, etc.).
So be cautious and choose the keyword that you are highly unlikely to use in any other application. See Also: BONUS: Using VBA to Add Degree Symbol to Numbers If you often need to add the degree symbol to numbers in a range, you can use a simple VBA code to do this quickly. Something as shown below: This can be helpful when you get this data from a database or from other people and you have to add the degree symbol to all these numbers. Below is the code that will make this happen: Sub AddDegreeSymbol Dim MyCell As Range For Each MyCell In Selection MyCell.Value = MyCell.Value & '°' Next MyCell End Sub The above code goes through all the cells in the selection and adds a degree symbol at the end of the number in the cell. You need to put this code in any module in the VB Editor. Once inserted, you can run the code from the VB Editor, add a button (as I did in the above example), or even add this to the Quick Access Toolbar.
So these are the five methods (plus the bonus VBA method) you can use to type the degree symbol in Excel. How did you like this tutorial? Let me know your thoughts by leaving a comment below.
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